内疚是什么意思(惭愧是什么意思)

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用心普及英语知识

英语罐头

本文是我的第370篇英语知识文章

惭愧和内疚究竟有什么区别？说真的，罐头菌也弄不清这区别。前两天看了TED一个《如何管理负面情绪》的视频，里面讲解了许多非常有趣的内容，罐头菌今天就来分享一下。

一.惭愧和内疚的区别

These are emotions that we often interchangeably, but it turns out they're quite different. So when people feel shame, they feel bad about themselves: "I'm a bad person for having done this." When people feel guilt, they feel bad not about the self, but about a specific behavior "I did a bad thing."

我们经常会交替使用内疚和惭愧，但其实他们是有些许区别。当人们感到惭愧，他们为自己而感到难过：“我做了这件事因此我是个坏人。”而当人们感到内疚是，他们是为某一特定行为难过，而不是为自己而难过“我做了一件坏事。”

And it's a subtle distinction, but it turns out that it leads to very different motivations

这两者虽然只有这细微的差别，但却会导致截然不同的动机。

1.turn out 原来是，其实是，结果发现

It turns out that she had known him when they were children.

结果发现，她和他从小就认识。

2.subtle distinction 细微差别

This may sound like a subtle distinction, but it isn't.

这听起来应该有细微差别，然而并没有。

二.什么是愧疚

So, when people feel shame about "Who I am because I did a bad thing, I'm a horrible person," there's a sense of shrinking and being small, a sense of worthlessness and powerlessness.

当人们感到愧疚，“我干了一件坏事，我是一个可怕的人，”这时会感到自己的渺小，会有一种无用感与无力感。

And people feel shame, they want to hide.They want to sink into floor and disappear. They minimize. They often blame other people. But what they don't do, typically, is try to make thing better.

当人们感到愧疚，他们会想躲起来。他们会想钻进地底消失不见。他们贬低自己，是不是会责备别人，但他们通常不会让事情变得更好。

三.什么是内疚？

When people feel guilt about a specific behavior, "I feel bad that I didi that", they're focused on the behavior and the effects on other people, and that seem to push people in a much more constructive direction. People who feel guilt about a behavior without feeling shame about the self are more liclined to confess, apologize, in some way, try to repair the harm that was done.

当人们对某个特定行为感到内疚，“我做了这样的事情让我觉得不安”，他们更关注其行为与对他人的影响，而这会推动人往更具建设性的方向。当人们为其行为感到内疚时，他不会为自己感到愧疚，这会减少他的忏悔感，同时，他们会尽力去减少自己所造成的伤害。

1.constructive direction 有建设性的方向

They tend to take the conversation in a constructive direction.

他们更想在有建建设性的方向上进行沟通交流。

可以看到，其实惭愧和内疚是有区别的，而且其区别往往会让人采取不同的行动。在日常生活中应该怎么样去应对呢？明天罐头菌将会发布视频的下部分内容~

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